总结一下自己学了CloudKit的理解
1.什么是CloudKit
有了CloudKit我们可以更方便的使用iCloud服务，苹果自带的相片等应用就是通过CloudKit这个框架链接iCloud服务的。
2. 怎么开启ClouKit
- 加入苹果开发者计划（就是付费）
- 工程里面的Capabilities开启CloudKit选项
3. CloudKit名词解释
- Container 类似手机上的沙盒机制，苹果给每个app链接一个独立的容器。
- Database 每个Container里面分为PublicDatabase公共数据库和PrivateDatabase私有数据库。公共数据库里面的内容每个用户都可以访问，私人的只有对应的iCloud账户能访问。
- Record 对应每一个储存的数据，可以存储各类型数据。NSString、CLLocation、NSDate等，如果要存储图片等大型二进制数据用CKAsset，还可以存储另外一个Record的引用CKReference。
- RecordZone 一个database里面可以包含多个RecordZone，一般默认用的DefaultZone。
4. CloudDit简单使用（增删改查）。
增
//To create a record in code
//Create a record ID specifying a unique record name.
CKRecordID *artworkRecordID = [[CKRecordID alloc] initWithRecordName:@"115"];
Create a record object.
CKRecord *artworkRecord = [[CKRecord alloc] initWithRecordType:@"Artwork" recordID:artworkRecordID];
//Set the record’s fields.
artworkRecord[@"title" ] = @"MacKerricher State Park";
artworkRecord[@"artist"] = @"Mei Chen";
artworkRecord[@"address"] = @"Fort Bragg, CA";
//Get the database in your app’s default container.
//To get the public database:
CKContainer *myContainer = [CKContainer defaultContainer];
CKDatabase *publicDatabase = [myContainer publicCloudDatabase];
//To get the private database:
CKContainer *myContainer = [CKContainer defaultContainer];
CKDatabase *privateDatabase = [myContainer privateCloudDatabase];
//To get a custom container:
CKContainer *myContainer = [CKContainer containerWithIdentifier:@"iCloud.com.example.ajohnson.GalleryShared"];
//To create a custom container shared by multiple apps, read Share Containers Between Apps.
//Save the record.
[publicDatabase saveRecord:artworkRecord completionHandler:^(CKRecord *artworkRecord, NSError *error){
if (!error) {
// Insert successfully saved record code
}
else {
// Insert error handling
}
}];
对单个record进行查找修改
// Fetch the record from the database
CKDatabase *publicDatabase = [[CKContainer defaultContainer] publicCloudDatabase];
CKRecordID *artworkRecordID = [[CKRecordID alloc] initWithRecordName:@"115"];
[publicDatabase fetchRecordWithID:artworkRecordID completionHandler:^(CKRecord *artworkRecord, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
// Error handling for failed fetch from public database
}
else {
// Modify the record and save it to the database
NSDate *date = artworkRecord[@"date"];
artworkRecord[@"date"] = [date dateByAddingTimeInterval:30.0 * 60.0];
[publicDatabase saveRecord:artworkRecord completionHandler:^(CKRecord *savedRecord, NSError *saveError) {
// Error handling for failed save to public database
}];
}
}];
使用Predicate进行查找
CKDatabase *publicDatabase = [[CKContainer defaultContainer] publicCloudDatabase];
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"title = %@", @"Santa Cruz Mountains"];
CKQuery *query = [[CKQuery alloc] initWithRecordType:@"Artwork" predicate:predicate];
[publicDatabase performQuery:query inZoneWithID:nil completionHandler:^(NSArray *results, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
// Error handling for failed fetch from public database
}
else {
// Display the fetched records
}
}];
用CKAsset保存图片
// Create a URL to the local file
NSURL *resourceURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"…"];
if (resourceURL){
CKAsset *asset = [[CKAsset alloc] initWithFileURL:resourceURL];
artworkRecord[@"image"] = asset;
}
使用Operation进行操作。
CKModifyRecordsOperation 可以用于新增
CKFetchRecordsOperation 可以用于查找
-
Add all the record IDs for the records you want to fetch to an array. For example, to fetch multiple one-to-one relationships, add all the target record IDs of the reference fields to an array.
-
Create the fetch record operation object by passing the array of record IDs as a parameter.
CKFetchRecordsOperation *fetchRecordsOperation = [[CKFetchRecordsOperation alloc] initWithRecordIDs:fetchRecordIDs]; -
Optionally, provide a per record completion handler. If you want to save the data from successful individual records, provide a per record completion handler. The completion handler should create a model object for a successfully fetched record, and because the operation may fail, should keep the record ID of a failed fetch.
fetchRecordsOperation.perRecordCompletionBlock = ^(CKRecord *record, CKRecordID *recordID, NSError *error) { if (error) { // Retain the record IDs for failed fetches } else { // Create a model object and set any relationships to other models } }; -
Set the completion handler for the entire operation.
fetchRecordsOperation.fetchRecordsCompletionBlock = ^(NSDictionary *recordsByRecordID, NSError *error) { if (error) { // Failed to fetch all or some of the records } else { // Update all associated views } };If you save the record IDs in the per record completion handler in step 3, you can attempt to fetch failed records again.
-
Start the operation.
fetchRecordsOperation.database = [[CKContainer defaultContainer] publicCloudDatabase]; [fetchRecordsOperation start];
删除
-
单个删除
[publicDatabase deleteRecordWithID:recordID completionHandler:^(CKRecordID *recordID, NSError *error) { }]; -
批量删除
// we use CKModifyRecordsOperation to delete multiple records CKModifyRecordsOperation *operation = [[CKModifyRecordsOperation alloc] initWithRecordsToSave:nil recordIDsToDelete:recordIDs]; operation.savePolicy = CKRecordSaveIfServerRecordUnchanged; operation.queuePriority = NSOperationQueuePriorityHigh; // The following Quality of Service (QoS) is used to indicate to the system the nature and importance of this work. // Higher QoS classes receive more resources than lower ones during resource contention. // operation.qualityOfService = NSQualityOfServiceUserInitiated; // add the completion for the entire delete operation operation.modifyRecordsCompletionBlock = ^(NSArray *savedRecords, NSArray *deletedRecordIDs, NSError *error) { // back on the main queue, call our completion handler }; // start the operation
5. 还有一个比较重要的功能就是订阅功能，简单的类型如果有新内容，发送一个推送给我，让我实时更新关注的东西。
For iOS and tvOS apps, add this code to the application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: protocol method to register for push notifications:
// Register for push notifications
UIUserNotificationSettings *notificationSettings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];
[application registerUserNotificationSettings:notificationSettings];
[application registerForRemoteNotifications];
-
Add the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: protocol method to the app’s delegate.
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo { } -
In the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: method, convert the userInfo parameter to aCKNotification object.
CKNotification *cloudKitNotification = [CKNotification notificationFromRemoteNotificationDictionary:userInfo]; -
Get the body of the notification.
NSString *alertBody = cloudKitNotification.alertBody; -
Get the new or modified record from the CKQueryNotification object.
if (cloudKitNotification.notificationType == CKNotificationTypeQuery) { CKRecordID *recordID = [(CKQueryNotification *)cloudKitNotification recordID]; } -
Update views or notify the user according to the record changes.
6. iCloud的管理是直接和iCloud的用户挂钩的，所以如果用户切换了帐号，必须对数据重现加载。
在appdelegate订阅这个可以在切好帐号的时候得到通知
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(iCloudAccountAvailabilityChanged:)
name:NSUbiquityIdentityDidChangeNotification
object:nil];
可以用userDiscover获取通讯录里面使用了这个app的好友，首先获取授权
[self.container requestApplicationPermission:CKApplicationPermissionUserDiscoverability
completionHandler:^(CKApplicationPermissionStatus applicationPermissionStatus, NSError *error) {
// back on the main queue, call our completion handler
}];
然后在回调里面查找好友
[self.container discoverUserInfoWithUserRecordID:recordID completionHandler:^(CKDiscoveredUserInfo *user, NSError *error) {
if (error != nil)
{
}
else
{
_userInfo = user;
//NSLog(@"logged in as '%@ %@'", self.userInfo.firstName, self.userInfo.lastName);
}
}];
7. 还有一些注意事项
- DashBoard的使用，需要知道开发和发布的区别和关系，还要知道怎么部署到发布环境。